Guide to the Wiring Regulations: 17th Edition IEE Wiring Regulations: Guide to the Wiring Regulations.part02.rar

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Guide to the Wiring Regulations: 17th Edition IEE Wiring Regulations:

Guide to the Wiring Regulations: 17th Edition IEE Wiring Regulations

Author(s): Darrell Locke
Publisher: Wiley
Date    : 2008
Pages : 302
Format : PDF
OCR    : Y
Quality  :

Language : English
ISBN    : 0470516852

Darrell Locke IEng MIEE ACIBSE, Electrical Contractors' Association, UK
Essential for electrical installers and installation designers, the IEE Wiring Regulations (BS 7671) have been completely restructured and updated for the first time in over a decade: this 17th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations (BS 7671: 2008) will come into effect in June 2008. Guide to the Wiring Regulations is an authoritative and accessible guide to the 17th Edition, illustrating the changes and providing real solutions to the problems that can often occur with practical interpretation.
Written and developed by the Electrical Contractors’ Association, Guide to the Wiring Regulations brings a wealth of experience to the subject and offers clear explanations of the changes in the standard. Starting with full coverage of the legal requirements the book then goes on to:
* provide extensive advice on circuit design, selection and erection, wiring systems, earthing and bonding;
* explore the additional requirements of the Standard for protection against voltage disturbances and implementation of measures against electromagnetic influences (EMC);
* elaborate on the alterations to the inspection and testing requirements;
* feature practical information on the new special locations included in the 17th Edition, particularly exhibitions, shows and stands, floor and ceiling heating systems, mobile or transportable units and photovoltaic power systems;
* highlight the changes made in the new edition to existing special locations, including bathrooms, swimming pools, agricultural and horticultural premises and caravan/camping parks.
Guide to the Wiring Regulations is an outstanding resource for all users of the 17th Edition IEE Wiring Regulations (BS 7671: 2008) including electricians who want a better understanding of the theory behind the Standard, electrical technicians, installation engineers, design engineers, and apprentices. Both trainees and practitioners will find this guide indispensable for understanding the impact of the changes introduced in the 17th Edition (BS 7671: 2008).
Additional supporting material is available at www.wiley.com/go/eca_wiringregulations

Contents
Foreword by Giuliano Digilio xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xvii
Chapter A – BS 7671: 2008 – Introduction and Overview 1
A 1 Introduction to BS 7671: 2008 1
A 2 Plan and layout of BS 7671: 2008 4
A 3 Overview of major changes 5
Chapter B – Legal Relationship and General Requirements of
BS 7671: 2008 11
B 1 Legal requirements and relationship 11
B 1.1 Key UK legislation 11
B 1.2 The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 (EWR 1989) 12
B 1.3 The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations
2002 (as amended) 13
B 1.4 The Electricity Act 1984 (as amended) 14
B 1.5 The Building Act 1984, The Building Regulations and Part P 14
B 1.6 The Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulations 2005 (EMC) 16
B 1.7 Tort and negligence 16
B 2 The role of Standards 17
B 3 Part 3 of BS 7671: 2008 – assessment of general characteristics 19
Chapter C – Circuitry and Related Parts of BS 7671: 2008 21
C 1 Introduction 21
C 2 Design procedure overview 22
C 3 Load assessment 23
vi
Contents
C 3.1 Principles and definitions 23
C 3.2 Maximum demand assessment 26
C 3.3 Diversity 28
C 4 Circuit design 30
C 4.1 Introduction 30
C 4.2 Protection against overcurrent in general 32
C 4.3 Overload protection 32
C 4.4 Fault protection 46
C 4.5 Voltage drop 49
C 4.6 Disconnection and electric shock 55
C 5 Submains 64
C 5.1 Diversity 64
C 5.2 Distribution circuit (submain) selection 64
C 5.3 Armouring as a cpc 65
C 5.4 Automatic disconnection for submains 67
C 6 Discrimination co-ordination 67
C 6.1 Principles and system co-ordination 67
C 6.2 Fuse-to-fuse discrimination 69
C 6.3 Circuit breaker to circuit breaker discrimination 70
C 6.4 Circuit breaker to fuse discrimination 71
C 7 Parallel cables 72
C 7.1 General and 7671 requirements 72
C 7.2 Unequal current sharing 73
C 8 Harmonics 73
C 8.1 Requirements 73
C 8.2 Harmonic assessment 74
C 9 Standard final circuit designs 74
C 9.1 Introduction and scope 74
C 9.2 Standard domestic circuits 77
C 9.3 All-purpose standard final circuits 79
C 10 RCDs and circuitry 83
C 10.1 Introduction, increased use of RCDs 83
C 10.2 Consumer unit arrangements for RCDs 84
C 11 Ring and radial final circuits 87
C 11.1 Introduction 87
C 11.2 Ring final circuits 87
C 11.3 Radial final circuits 89
Chapter D – Selection and Erection – Equipment 91
D 1 Introduction and fundamentals 91
D 2 Compliance with Standards 92
D 3 Identification of conductors 93
vii
Contents
D 3.1 Principle of required identification (514.3.1) 94
D 3.2 Identification by colour 95
D 3.3 Identification by marking 97
D 3.4 Additions and alterations – identification 97
D 3.5 Interface marking 98
D 3.6 d.c. identification 98
D 4 EMC and prevention of mutual detrimental influences 101
D 4.1 Introduction 101
D 4.2 EMC directive and BS 7671 101
D 4.3 EMC cable separation – power, IT, data and control cables 102
D 4.4 Cable management and EMC 105
D 5 Wiring systems 106
D 5.1 The choice of wiring systems 106
D 5.2 Circulating currents and eddy currents in single-core
installations 110
D 5.3 Electrical connections and joints 112
D 5.4 Wiring systems – minimizing spread of fire 117
D 5.5 Proximity to other services 119
D 6 Circuit breakers 119
D 6.1 General 119
D 6.2 Operation and characteristics 120
D 6.3 Ambient temperature de-rating 124
D 7 Residual current devices 125
D 7.1 BS 7671 applications 125
D 7.2 Operation and BS 7671 requirements 127
D 7.3 Unwanted RCD tripping and discrimination 128
D 7.4 d.c. issues for RCDs 130
D 7.5 TT installations and RCDs 130
D 8 Other equipment 132
D 8.1 Isolation and switching 132
D 8.2 Consumer units for domestic installations 132
D 8.3 Overvoltage, undervoltage and electromagnetic disturbances 132
D 8.4 Surge protective devices 133
D 8.5 Insulation monitoring devices (IMDs) 135
D 8.6 Residual current monitors (RCMs) 135
D 9 Generating sets 137
D 10 Rotating machines 138
D 11 Plugs and socket outlets 139
D 12 Electrode water heaters and electrode boilers 140
D 13 Heating conductors 141
D 14 Lighting and luminaires 141
D 15 Safety services 144
viii
Contents
D 15.1 Introduction 144
D 15.2 Classification of break times 144
D 15.3 Safety sources 145
D 15.4 Circuits for safety services 146
D 16 Ingress protection (IP), external influences 146
D 16.1 General 146
D 16.2 Equipment applications and examples 149
Chapter E – Earthing and Bonding 151
E 1 Introduction 151
E 2 Earthing arrangements 153
E 3 General requirements of earthing and bonding 159
E 4 Protective conductors 162
E 4.1 General 162
E 4.2 Physical types of protective conductor 162
E 4.3 Sizing protective conductors 164
E 4.4 Protective conductors up to 16 mm2 165
E 4.5 Earthing conductor 167
E 5 Armoured cables as protective conductors 167
E 5.1 General 167
E 5.2 ERA report on current sharing between armouring and cpc 168
E 5.3 ECA advice and recommendations 169
E 6 Protective equipotential bonding 169
E 6.1 Purpose of protective equipotential bonding 169
E 6.2 BS 7671 requirements 170
E 6.3 Bonding solutions for the modern installation 170
E 6.4 Sizing protective bonding conductors 177
E 6.5 Domestic protective equipotential bonding layouts 178
E 6.6 Supplementary equipotential bonding 178
E 7 High earth leakage installations 183
Chapter F – Inspection, Testing and Certification (Part 6) 185
F 1 Introduction 185
F 1.1 Inspection and testing – an integrated procedure 185
F 2 Visual inspection 186
F 3 Testing 188
F 3.1 Introduction – pass and fail nature 188
F 3.2 Required tests 188
F 3.3 Continuity testing 189
F 3.4 Ring continuity 193
F 3.5 Insulation testing 196
F 3.6 Polarity testing 200
ix
Contents
F 3.7 Earth fault loop impedance (ELI) testing 201
F 3.8 Prospective fault current testing 205
F 3.9 Testing RCDs and other functional tests 206
F 3.10 Verification of voltage drop 208
F 4 Certification paperwork 208
F 4.1 Introduction, various certificates and schedules 208
F 4.2 Overview of certificates and schedules 208
F 4.3 Completing the paperwork 209
Chapter G – Special Locations 219
G 1 Introduction: Purpose and principles 219
G 1.1 Introduction 219
G 1.2 Purpose and principles 220
G 1.3 Particular requirements and numbering 221
G 2 Locations containing a bath or shower (701) 221
G 2.1 Introduction and risks 221
G 2.2 Zone concept 222
G 2.3 Electric shock requirements 226
G 2.4 Equipment selection and erection 227
G 3 Swimming pools and other basins (702) 228
G 3.1 Introduction and risks 228
G 3.2 Zone concept 229
G 3.3 Requirements and guidance 232
G 4 Agricultural and horticultural premises (705) 234
G 4.1 Introduction, purpose and principles 235
G 4.2 Requirements and guidance 235
G 5 Caravan parks and camping parks (708) 239
G 5.1 Introduction, purpose and principles 239
G 5.2 Requirements and guidance 240
G 6 Exhibitions, shows and stands (711) 243
G 6.1 Introduction and risks 244
G 6.2 Requirements and guidance 244
G 7 Solar photovoltaic (PV) power supply systems (712) 246
G 7.1 Introduction, principles and terminology 246
G 7.2 Requirements 249
G 7.3 Notes and guidance 249
G 8 Mobile or transportable units (717) 253
G 8.1 Scope and application 253
G 8.2 Requirements 254
G 8.3 Notes and guidance 254
G 9 Floor and ceiling heating systems (753) 256
G 9.1 Introduction 256
x
Contents
G 9.2 Requirements 256
G 9.3 Notes and guidance 257
Appendices 261
Appendix 1 – Standards and bibliography 262
Appendix 2 – Popular cables: current rating tables from BS 7671: 2008
Appendix 4 267
Appendix 3 – Limiting earth fault loop impedance tables from
BS 7671: 2008 270
Appendix 4 – Cable data-resistance, impedance and ‘R1 + R2’ values 272
Appendix 5 – Fuse I 2t characteristics 276
Index 277

Guide to the Wiring Regulations.part03